High blood pressure or hypertension means that there is high pressure in the arteries. It is known as the “silent killer” because it often presents no symptoms in its early stages. Normal blood pressure is below 120/80; blood pressure between 120/80 and 139/89 is called pre-hypertension; and a blood pressure reading of 140/90 is considered to be high. The top number is called the systolic blood pressure and has to do with the pressure in the arteries as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries. The bottom number or diastolic blood pressure represents the pressure in the arteries as the heart relaxes after the contraction.
There are two forms of blood pressure that have been defined: primary and secondary hypertension. Primary is more common and accounts for about 95% of hypertension conditions. The secondary hypertension, which accounts for about 5% of the population, is caused by a specific abnormality in one of the organs or systems of the body. It is estimated that about 30% of primary hypertension is attributed to genetic factors. Some of the factors that can cause secondary hypertension are: Renal hypertension, Adrenal gland tumors, Coarctation of the aorta, Type 2 Diabetes, and obesity.
A few good ways to help reduce hypertension is weight management, exercise, and a healthy diet can decrease hypertension. If you are working out, by exercising you are improving the effectiveness of blood pressure medication. Things such as swimming, walking, bike riding, and yoga can all be great forms of exercise to help you de-stress at the end of your day or start your day depending on your preference. As with anything, make sure you consult your primary care physician before beginning any exercise or nutritional changes to your lifestyle.